Category Archives: Bread

Sandwich Bread

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After reading a new recipe for sandwich bread I realized it was very similar to my “go to” artisan bread. The differences are two tablespoons of sugar are added to the water and yeast and allowed to rest for 10 minutes before adding the bread flour and salt, and the bread is baked in a greased loaf pan instead of a Dutch oven

The result is a very soft loaf with a softer crust than the artisan bread and perfect sandwich crumb. It’s amazing what such a small change can make in character of a bread. There is a time and place for everything.

Artisan Bread

INGREDIENTS
• 450g (3 ¾ c) bread flour divided (For Italian Bread use AP flour))
• 2 ¼ teaspoons instant yeast
• 10g (1 ¾ tsp) kosher salt
• 360g (1 ½ c) warm water between 120°F and 130°F (360 grams)

As an alternate add 2 tsp sugar, mix the water, yeast and sugar in a bowl and let set 10 minutes. Thoroughly mix in the flour and salt, cover with a towel and let sit for ~1 hour until doubled in size. Bowl fold as in step #4 below. Shape the dough, place into a greased loaf pan, slash the top, and let rise an additional 30 min. Bake 30-35 minutes at 375°F until the top is a golden brown or internal temperature is 190°F.


METHOD

  1. In a large mixing bowl, add flour, yeast, and salt, stirring with a dutch dough whisk to combine. Stir in water until the mixture is very sticky, and no lumps of flour remain.
    a. Cover and place in a warm, draft-free area until doubled in size, about 1 ½ to 2 hours.
    b. Alternatively, for an overnight rise: After mixing the dough, cover and refrigerate until doubled in size. This will take about 8 hours but will keep in the fridge up to 24 hours total.
  2. Preheat the oven to 450°F. Place a large dutch oven with a lid in the oven for at least 30 minutes.
  3. If refrigerated, remove the dough from the refrigerator and let rest at room temperature for 15 minutes.
  4. Using lightly floured hands, reach down one side of the dough to the bottom of the bowl, pull up, and stretch the edge of the dough over the center toward the opposite side. Turn the bowl 90 degrees and repeat the folding and turning, working in a circle around the dough until the dough starts to hold its shape, about 8 to 10 rotations. Pinch any seams together at the center of the dough ball.
  5. Turn out the dough onto a lightly floured surface, placing it seam side down. Shape into a boule or batard, depending on the intended use. Transfer the dough onto parchment paper lined banneton and sprinkle it with flour. (Alternatively, divide dough in half and form each into a small batard, place in a parchment paper line French bread form) Loosely cover with plastic wrap or a tea towel for 10 minutes while the oven heats to 450°F. Place a large dutch oven with a lid in the oven while it preheats.
  6. Using a sharp knife or bread lame, cut a slit about ¼-inch deep across the top of the dough. Very carefully place the dough with the parchment paper directly into the preheated Dutch oven. Cover with the lid.
  7. Bake for 15 minutes. (If making 2 smaller loaves shaped in french bread forms, bake for 12 minutes, on an oven rack positioned in the upper third of the oven then check internal temperature.) Remove the lid and bake until deeply golden brown and the internal temperature is about 195°F (~11 to 12 minutes more.) Carefully remove the bread from the Dutch oven using the parchment paper to help, and place on a wire rack to cool for at least 20 minutes before slicing

Krustenbrot

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Thanks to my semester of college German (barely passed) and Google Translate, I knew this would be a crusty bread. I saw this recipe and method in YouTube and decided to give it a try. It’s not terribly different from other breads I make, but did you and overnight room temperature proof (12-18 hours) to develop flavor and structure.

This morning it was evident the dough over proofed during the night. I could see on the bowl how high the dough rose on the glass and was down ~20% this morning. I shaped it and let it sit for 30 minutes as the oven pre-heated, hoping it would recover.

I baked it as directed and it did exhibit some oven spring and resulted in a nice, small flavorful loaf, but was wet, dense, and disappointing. Some possible remedies would be to use much less yeast (1/2 – 1/4 teaspoon,) or refrigerate the proofing overnight. Either should retard the proof and make the 12 hours not over proof the dough.

I have another recipe that the author claimed she learned from an Italian restaurant bake and will give that one a try next week. I have other fish to fry… or rather bakes to bake before then.

No-Knead Artisan Bread -Krustenbrot


https://www.quick-german-recipes.com/artisan-bread-recipe.html

INGREDIENTS
• 390 g (3 c) AP flour
• 5 g (1½ tsp) active dry yeast
• 360 g (1½ c) warm water
• 6 g (1 tsp) salt
• extra flour for dusting

METHOD

  1. Mix the first four ingredients together in a large bowl with a Danish whisk. The dough will be sticky and look a mess!
  2. Cover bowl tightly with plastic wrap and rest it on the counter (at room temperature) for at least 12 hours and up to 18 hours. The dough will rise and the top will be bubbly and sticky.
  3. Cut a piece of parchment paper to fit inside of Dutch oven. Place paper on counter and sprinkle lightly with flour.
  4. Lightly sprinkle flour on counter. Gently put the dough on it. Sprinkle a bit of flour on top pat into a rough rectangle and fold the dough over on itself twice, shaping it into an elongated ball.
  5. Gently place onto parchment paper. Cover with a large bowl that doesn’t touch the dough.
  6. Preheat the oven to 450°F (230°C) and put your Dutch oven into the oven to heat for about 30 minutes.
  7. Slash the top of the dough with a sharp knife or lame blade.
  8. Remove preheated Dutch oven and, using oven mitts, gently lift parchment paper with dough into it and cover with lid. Return to oven.
  9. Bake at 450°F for 30 minutes. Remove lid and continue baking for another 15 minutes or until bread is golden brown.
  10. Remove to a cooling rack and let cool for about 1 hour before slicing.

Classic Bruschetta

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It’s nearly time for another QC Cadre gathering. We welcomed new neighbors last month and will introduce them to the Cadre in a couple of weeks. The menu is under development and practice bakes are underway.

Yesterday I made baguettes in anticipation of today’s bruschetta. I made baguettes several times in the past, but none recently. (They came out great this time too.)

This morning I made the marinated tomato topping (along with an artisan bread for sandwiches etc.) It was delicious. Next time I will chop the browned garlic. I changed the recipe to reflect this alteration.

Classic Bruschetta

INGREDIENTS
FOR THE TOMATOES
• 2 Tbl extra-virgin olive oil
• 1 clove garlic, thinly sliced
• 2 large tomatoes, diced
• 1/8 c. (2 Tbl) thinly sliced basil
• 1 Tbl balsamic vinegar
• ½ tsp kosher salt
• Pinch of crushed red pepper flakes

FOR THE BREAD
• ½ large baguette, sliced ¼” thick on the bias
• Extra-virgin olive oil, for brushing
• 1 clove garlic, halved

METHOD

  1. Preheat oven to 400°.
  2. In a medium skillet over medium-low heat, heat oil. Add garlic and cook until lightly golden, 2 to 4 minutes, then remove from heat and let cool, then chopped.
  3. In a large bowl, toss together tomatoes, basil, vinegar, salt, and red pepper flakes. Add garlic and oil and toss to combine. Let marinate for 30 minutes.
  4. Meanwhile, toast bread: Brush bread on both sides lightly with oil and place on large baking sheet. Toast bread until golden, 10 to 15 minutes, turning halfway through. Let bread cool for 5 minutes, then rub tops of bread with halved garlic cloves.
  5. Spoon tomatoes on top of bread just before serving.

Daniels recipe: fresh basil and tomatoes, olive oil, salt, good quality balsamic, toasted baguette with olive oil, topped with fresh Parmesan

White Sandwich Bread

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It’s been a while since I made any basic, traditional sandwich bread, but that ended this afternoon.

At 3:30 we decided to have BLT’s for dinner, except we didn’t have any bread. In her infinite wisdom QC said, “It’s only 3:30. Can’t you make bread before dinner?” Usually I start baking around 6am, but in a crisis I can be flexible.

We bought some “B” at the market this noon, and had one “T” left over from our favorite roast beef wraps. (Flour tortillas, mayo, lettuce, tomato, roast beef and in QC’s case, cheese and in mine pickled jalapeños.) My garden lettuce is starting to bolt and grew very tall over the last week, so it needs to be eaten right away, hence the “L” in our sandwich. (I gave “stalks” of lettuce to the QC Cadre.) The head lettuce has another week or two.

I used to make this bread as my standard, until I found the artisan breads that have nicer crust and crumb.

Bread – White Gold Medal Recipe

INGREDIENTS
2 Loaves
Bread flour • 6 to 7 cups
Sugar • 3 Tbl
Salt • 1 Tbl
Shortening • 2 Tbl
Yeast • 4 ½ Tsp
Warm water • 2 ¼ cups (120° to 130°F)

METHOD

  1. In large bowl, stir ½ of the flour, the sugar, salt, shortening and yeast until well mixed. Add warm water. Beat with electric mixer on low speed 1 minute, scraping bowl frequently. Beat on medium speed 1 minute, scraping bowl frequently. Stir in enough remaining flour, 1 cup at a time, to make dough easy to handle.
  2. Place dough on lightly floured surface. Knead about 10 minutes or until dough is smooth and springy. Grease large bowl with shortening. Place dough in bowl, turning dough to grease all sides. Cover bowl loosely with plastic wrap and let rise in warm place 30 to 40 minutes or until dough has doubled in size. Dough is ready if indentation remains when touched.
  3. Grease bottoms and sides of 8×4-inch or 9×5-inch loaf pans with shortening or spray with cooking spray.
  4. Gently push fist into dough to deflate. Divide dough in half. Flatten each half with hands or rolling pin into 18×9-inch rectangle on lightly floured surface.
  5. Roll dough up tightly, beginning at 9-inch side. Press with thumbs to seal after each turn. Pinch edge of dough into roll to seal. Pinch each end of roll to seal. Fold ends under loaf.
  6. Place seam side down in pan. Brush loaves lightly with butter. Cover loosely with plastic wrap and let rise in warm place 20 to 30 minutes or until dough has doubled in size.
  7. Move oven rack to low position so that tops of pans will be in center of oven. Heat oven to 425°F.
  8. Bake 20 to 30 minutes or until loaves are deep golden brown and sound hollow when tapped and internal temperature is 195 deg. (Tent the bread with aluminum foil if the brown too soon.) Remove from pans to wire rack. Brush loaves with butter; cool.

New Bread Recipe to Try Today

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If you know, or follow me, you know I am always looking for new recipes, even if I already use a great one. Case in point is the No-Knead Artisan Bread I found a PreppyKitchen.com. It’s wonderful bread with a nice crunchy crust and soft, chewy interior and excellent flavor. Plus it is easy to make, uses few dishes and only takes a couple of hours. However, I do often find alternate recipes and occasionally give one a try. Hence, today’s experiment.

I found a recipe called “Homemade 25 Minute Bread” and made a loaf exactly following the instructions (even though I knew they were wrong.) At this point I am an experienced bread baker and am comfortable with my abilities to distinguish what will work and what will not, but you never know. I bake to learn.

I modified the published recipe, and for expediency used a stand mixer rather than kneading by hand. I enjoy hand kneading, (when I have the time,) but I was making 2 sequential loaves this morning, before I made a batch of rough puff pastry, and watched the RBC Heritage Golf Championship.

The basic difference in the two breads involves handling the dough. The original specified a 5 minute hand knead until the dough was “smooth and elastic.” I increased the kneading time to 8 minutes so it would just about pass the windowpane test. It also only had a 10 minutes “rise” rather than a full “normal” proof, which was 45 minutes at ~90°F. It also did not suggest a lame or sharp knife slash. This gives the dough someplace to expand rather than burst through the sides of the loaf during baking.

The published recipe resulted in a very dense, not very pleasant loaf. ( I see French toast in my future.) The altered recipe was much lighter. While the crumb was very similar it was light and soft with a good crust. The final result is, back to PreppyKitchen!

I renamed the recipe “Homemade 45-Minute Bread – Dede’s Version. It’s slightly more accurate. (The time does not include proofing time.)

Original on the right, “improved” on the left
Original with torn sized on the front left, “improved” without tears on the back right.

Homemade 25-Minute Bread

INGREDIENTS :
• 360g 3 cups all-purpose flour
• 15g 1 tablespoon sugar
• 15g 1 tablespoon salt
• 11g 1 tablespoon instant yeast
• 236g 1 cup warm water (110°F)
• 23g 2 tablespoons olive oil

METHOD

  1. In a large mixing bowl, combine the flour, sugar, salt, and instant yeast. Mix well.
  2. Add the warm water and olive oil to the dry ingredients. Stir until a dough forms.
  3. Knead the dough on a floured surface for about 5 minutes until smooth and elastic.
  4. Preheat your oven to 425°F.
  5. Shape the dough into a ball and place it in a lightly greased bowl. Cover with a clean towel and let it rise for 10 minutes.
  6. After the dough has rested, punch it down and shape it into a loaf or divide it into smaller rolls.
  7. Place the shaped dough onto a baking sheet lined with parchment paper.
  8. Bake for 15-20 minutes or until the bread is golden brown and sounds hollow when tapped on the bottom.
  9. Allow to cool slightly before slicing and serving.

Homemade 45-Minute Bread – Dede’s Version

INGREDIENTS :
• 360g 3 cups all-purpose flour – Divided
• 15g 1 tablespoon sugar
• 15g 1 tablespoon salt
• 11g 1 tablespoon instant yeast
• 236g 1 cup warm water (110°F)
• 23g 2 tablespoons olive oil

METHOD

  1. In a stand mixer bowl, combine the flour (less 4 Tbl) , sugar, salt, and instant yeast. Whisk well.
  2. Add the warm water and olive oil to the dry ingredients. Stir with a dough hook until a dough forms.
  3. Knead the dough for about 10 minutes until smooth and elastic. The dough is very sticky. Add the reserved flour one tablespoon at a time until the sides of he bowl begin to clean.
  4. Shape the dough into a ball and place it in a lightly greased bowl. Cover with a clean towel and let it rise for 45 minutes. The dough weighs ~684g at this point
  5. Preheat your oven to 425°F.
  6. After the dough has rested, punch it down and shape it into a loaf or divide it into smaller rolls.
  7. Place the shaped dough onto a baking sheet lined with parchment paper.
  8. Slash with a lame or knife
  9. Bake for 15-20 minutes or until the internal temperature is ~195⁰F and bread is golden brown and sounds hollow when tapped on the bottom.
  10. Allow to cool slightly before slicing and serving.

Seven-Strand Plaited Wreath

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Mostly I followed Paul Hollywood’s recipe. I wanted a larger wreath so I extended each strand by a few inches. I plan to add some Easter eggs to the center for our brunch next Sunday. Hopefully there is room enough for an egg for each kids in attendance.

Paul Hollywood’s Seven-Strand Plaited Wreath

INGREDIENTS
• 500g bread flour
• 7g fast-action dried yeast
• 10g fine salt
• 340ml of water
• 1½ tbsp olive oil, plus extra for greasing
• 1 egg, lightly beaten with a pinch of salt

METHOD

  1. Make the dough. Place the flour in a large mixing bowl. Add the yeast and salt, and stir to mix.
  2. Pour three-quarters (225ml) of the water into the flour mixture. Add the olive oil and mix by hand until combined, then mix in the rest of the water to form a dough.
  3. Turn out the dough onto a lightly floured work surface and knead by hand for about 10 minutes, until the dough looks silky and stretchy. Place the dough in a lightly oiled mixing bowl. Cover with a tea towel and leave to rise for about 45 minutes, until doubled in size.
  4. Turn out the dough onto a lightly floured work surface again and knead it to knock it back. Shape the dough into a ball. It should weigh ~930 g. Divide the ball into 7 equal pieces, (~133g each) then roll each piece into a strand about 80cm long.
  5. Make the plait. Lay out the strands on a lightly floured work surface like an octopus, with the legs fanned out from a central, top point, stretching towards you. Stick all the ends at the central point to the work surface with your thumb. Take the outside strand on the right and cross it over 3 strands towards the middle while gently stretching it, then take the outside strand on the left and cross it over 3 strands towards the middle. Stretching the strands makes a slightly tighter braid.
  6. Repeat this process, always taking the outside strand (first on the right and then on the left) and crossing it over 3 strands into the middle until you have plaited all of the strands.
  7. Shape the plait. Trim each end of the plait to neaten, then form the plait into a wreath, pinching the ends together to join them and tucking the join underneath to give a neat finish. Trim enough off so the join is about the same diameter as the rest of the plait. Optionally put a small oven safe bowl in the center of the wreath to maintain the size and shape. As a treat roll the end trimmings into a ball and bake on the same sheet as the wreath. Don’t forget to egg wash it.
  8. Place on the parchment paper lined baking tray, then into a proving bag and leave the shaped loaf to prove for 45 minutes, until almost doubled in size.
  9. Heat the oven to 425°F. Brush the top of the loaf with the beaten egg and bake for 25 minutes, until golden brown, and the loaf sounds hollow when tapped underneath.

We Have A Winner, Winner, Chicken Dinner

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Sorry, no chicken or dinner here,

FB posted this Rustic No Knead Rosemary Garlic Bread by Jacques Pepin. I made a few changes to the method (as if I know more than M. Pepin.)

I followed the ingredients as published and the bread was fantastic, but next time I will increase the amount of garlic. All changes have been incorporated in the recipe below.

I did a stretch and fold before shaping the loaf, This is a 100% hydration bread and has little structure before baking, i.e it is very soft, wet, and hard to handle.. There was no reference to scoring the bread, but on reviewing the published photo realized it was scored with large cross cuts. (Next time, which will be very soon.)

My baking time was also much longer (nearly double) what was published. My modifications are incorporated below.)

Rustic No Knead Rosemary Garlic Bread – Jacques Pepin

INGREDIENTS
• 360g (3 c) AP flour
• 1 tsp salt
• 1 tsp active dry yeast
• 355g(1 ½ c) warm water (about 105-115⁰ F)
• 5 cloves garlic, minced
• 2 Tbl olive oil
• 1 Tbl chopped fresh rosemary
• ¼ c grated Parmesan cheese

METHOD

  1. In a large bowl, whisk together the flour, salt, and yeast.
  2. Add the warm water, minced garlic, and olive oil to the flour mixture. Stir with a wooden spoon until a shaggy dough forms.
  3. Cover the bowl with plastic wrap and let the dough rest at room temperature for 12-18 hours.
  4. Preheat oven and prepare dough: Preheat oven to 450⁰ F .
  5. Sprinkle a light coating of flour around the edge of the bread and use your fingers to lightly tuck the flour into the edge of the dough. With floured fingers (you may need to re-flour your fingers after each time you touch the bread) stretch and fold the bread, turning 90⁰ and repeat a total of 10-12 stretch and folds to make the dough firmer and easier to handle. Turn the dough out onto a lightly floured surface and gently shape it into a loaf.
  6. Lightly oil a 10-inch cast iron skillet or coat with nonstick spray, sprinkle with cornmeal. Score a large cross in the bread with a lame or sharp knife.
  7. Place the loaf in the skillet for 30-40 minutes, checking the internal temperature every 5 minutes after the first 20, or until golden brown and cooked through.
  8. While the bread is still warm, brush with melted butter and sprinkle with chopped rosemary and Parmesan cheese.
  9. Let the bread cool slightly before slicing and serving. Try this with an oil and vinegar dip.

You Can Take The Boy Out Of Vermont…

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I saw this recipe on FB and was, of course, compelled to make a loaf.

It’s a pretty easy bake and results in a very nice tasting bread with a good whole wheat crumb and texture. Next time will double the amount of maple syrup (costly, but worth it) or add the maple sugar to the top (I didn’t have any.)

Vermont Maple Oatmeal Bread


INGREDIENTS
• 1 ¼ cups boiling water
• 1 cup rolled oats
• ¼ cup (78g) maple syrup or ½ cup maple sugar
• 1 tablespoon unsalted butter
• 1 ½ teaspoons salt
• ½ teaspoon cinnamon
• ½ teaspoon maple flavor optional
• 2 teaspoons instant yeast
• 1 cup whole wheat flour
• 2 cups all-purpose flour
METHOD

  1. In a large mixing bowl, combine boiling water, oats, maple syrup (or maple sugar), butter, salt, cinnamon, and maple flavor if using. Stir and let cool to lukewarm.
  2. Once cooled, add yeast, whole wheat flour, and all-purpose flour. Stir until a rough dough forms.
  3. Knead the dough until smooth and elastic, about 10 minutes by hand or 7 minutes with a machine.
  4. Transfer to a lightly greased bowl, cover, and let rise for 60 to 90 minutes until puffy and nearly doubled in size.
  5. Gently deflate the dough and shape it into an 8-inch log. Place in a lightly greased 8 ½” x 4 ½” loaf pan.
  6. Cover and let the loaf rise until it crowns about 1 inch over the rim of the pan, about 60 to 90 minutes.
  7. Preheat the oven to 350°F (175°C).
  8. If desired, brush the top with water and sprinkle with maple sugar. Bake for 35 to 40 minutes, tenting with foil after 15 minutes to prevent over-browning. The interior should reach 190°F (88°C).
  9. Remove from the oven, let cool in the pan for 5 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack to cool completely before slicing.
    NOTES
  10. For a more pronounced maple flavor, increase the maple syrup slightly and reduce the water accordingly.
  11. This bread is excellent toasted with butter or cream cheese. – Store in an airtight container at room temperature for up to three days or freeze for longer storage.

Recovering From a Disaster

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Not often, but on rare occasion I have a baking disaster. Yesterday I wanted blueberry muffins and unfortunately used an old recipe. Apparently, there was a major error in the recipe as after two attempts I binned the results (along with the recipe) and headed to my go-to baker, Sally McKenny. (“Binned” is a term from GBBO where whatever didn’t work is tossed in the trash.)

I wisely turned to Sally’s blueberry muffin recipe and they were overwhelmingly endorsed by the QC Cadre. (For any who do not know, the QC Cadre is composed of a number of my neighbors who volunteered to sample and review my bakes.)

If you can ignore the dropped berry scones and artisan no-knead rolls in the background, here are the blueberry muffins. I cannot recommend them strongly enough.

Scottish Oatcakes and Tangzong Artisan Bread

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I wasn’t going to mention the artisan bread (as seen in the background) I made this morning, but I added a twist to the recipe. I use the Tangzong technique fairly often, but hadn’t used it on artisan bread. The standard method yields a bread that is 9.5 out of 10, so what is the point?

Tangzong pre-gelatinizes the starch in the flour, allowing it to absorb twice as much water than with cool water. Since there’s less free (unabsorbed) water in the dough, it’s less sticky and easier to knead plus it stays fresh longer, not that that is an issue here, over the past 2 weeks I made the artisan loaf every 2 or 3 days. For variety I did occasionally change from boule to batard.

I also made Scottish Oatcakes this morning. I read an article about them, which is all it ever takes for me. The bake resulted in 16 crisp “biscuits” (as cookies are called in the UK.) They be a nice change from all the cookies (but don’t worry, plenty of cookies coming up. I am doing another fund raiser in March and need to practice, practice, practice.)

Artisan Bread with Tangzong

INGREDIENTS

  • 450g (3 ¾ c) bread flour divided (For Italian Bread use AP flour))
  • 2 ¼ teaspoons instant yeast
  • 10g (1 ¾ tsp) kosher salt 
  • 360g (1 ½ c) warm water between 120°F and 130°F (360 grams)

METHOD

  1. In a large mixing bowl, whisk flour, yeast, and salt to combine.  Measure water into a small bowl
  2. Tangzong: Transfer 3 tablespoons of the measured flour and ½ cup of the measured milk or water into a saucepan and set over medium-high heat.
  3. Cook the mixture, whisking constantly until it thickens into a thick slurry (~1 minute.)
  4. Transfer the cooked mixture to a bowl until cool to lukewarm, then add remaining flour, milk (or water), and other dough ingredients combine with a dutch dough which until the mixture is very sticky, and no lumps of flour remain.
    1. Cover and place in a proofing oven until doubled in size, about 1 to 1 ½ hours.
  5. Preheat the oven to 450°F. Place a large dutch oven with a lid in the oven for at least 30 minutes.
  6. Using lightly floured hands, reach down one side of the dough to the bottom of the bowl, pull up, and stretch the edge of the dough over the center toward the opposite side. Turn the bowl 90 degrees and repeat the folding and turning, working in a circle around the dough until the dough starts to hold its shape, about 8 to 10 rotations. Pinch any seams together at the center of the dough ball.
  7. Turn out the dough onto a lightly floured surface, placing it seam side down. Shape into a boule or batard, depending on the intended use. Transfer the dough onto parchment paper lined banneton and sprinkle with flour. Loosely cover with plastic wrap or a tea towel for 10 minutes while the oven heats to 450°F. Place a large dutch oven with a lid in the oven while it preheats.
  8. Using a sharp knife or bread lame, cut a slit about ¼-inch deep across the top of the dough. Very carefully place the dough with the parchment paper directly into the preheated Dutch oven. Cover with the lid.
  9. Bake for 20 minutes. Remove the lid and bake until deeply golden brown and the internal temperature is about 195°F (~15 to 17 minutes more.) Carefully remove the bread from the Dutch oven using the parchment paper to help, and place on a wire rack to cool for at least 20 minutes before slicing

 

Tangzong

Tangzong pre-gelatinizes the starch in the flour, allowing it to absorb twice as much water than with cool water. Since there’s less free (unabsorbed) water in the dough, it’s less sticky and easier to knead

METHOD

  1. Measure out the total amount of flour and milk specified in the recipe.
  2. Transfer 3 tablespoons of the measured flour and ½ cup of the measured milk or water into a saucepan and set over medium-high heat.
  3. Cook the mixture, whisking constantly until it thickens into a thick slurry (~1 minute.)
  4. Transfer the cooked mixture to a bowl until cool to lukewarm, then add remaining flour, milk (or water), and other dough ingredients and proceed with the original recipe method.

Scottish Oatcakes

INGREDIENTS
• 226g quick-cooking oats (2 ½ c)
• 1 tsp kosher salt
• ¼ tsp baking soda
• 66g (6 Tbl) melted clarified butter
• ¾ c hot water, around 200ºF (93ºC)

METHOD

  1. In a medium bowl, stir oats, salt, and baking soda to combine. Add melted clarified butter or ghee to oat mixture and, using a flexible spatula, toss to evenly coat oats with fat. Add hot water and stir until mixture begins to thicken, 30 – 60 seconds. Let sit until oat mixture has hydrated and is slightly sticky, about 5 minutes.
  2. Using a flexible spatula, scrape oat mixture onto a 18×13” piece of parchment. Top with another 18×13” piece of parchment so oat mixture is sandwiched between and, using a rolling pin, roll oat mixture to ¼ “thick. Grab both ends of the parchment, set onto a 18×13” rimmed baking sheet, and freeze until mixture is firm but pliable, about 30 minutes. Line two 18×13” rimmed baking sheet with parchment; set aside.
  3. While the mixture is chilling adjust oven racks to second-from-top and second-from bottom positions and preheat to 350ºF (175ºC). 350ºF or 325ºF convection
  4. Set a clean piece of parchment on your kitchen counter. Remove oatcake mixture from freezer. Peel off top layer of parchment, then invert oatcake mixture onto prepared sheet of parchment. Using a 3-inch round cookie cutter, cut out 16 oatcakes. (Scraps can be rerolled, frozen, and punched out into additional oatcakes.) Transfer oatcakes to prepared baking sheets, spacing them about 1 inch apart, and bake until crispy and lightly browned, 30 to 35 minutes. Remove from oven and let cool completely before serving or storing.

Clarified Butter

INGREDIENTS
• 230g (2 sticks) unsalted butter, cubed

METHOD

  1. In a small saucepan, melt butter over medium-high heat.
  2. Continue to cook over medium-high heat; an even layer of white milk proteins will float to the surface.
  3. Bring to a boil; the milk proteins will become foamy.
  4. Lower heat to medium and continue to gently boil; the milk proteins will break apart.
  5. As butter gently boils, milk proteins will eventually sink to the bottom of the pot, and the boiling will begin to calm and then cease. Adjust heat as needed to continue boiling off water without scorching milk solids.
  6. Once boiling has stopped, pour butter through a cheesecloth-lined strainer or through a coffee filter into a heatproof container to remove browned milk solids.
  7. Let cool, then transfer to a sealed container and refrigerate until ready to use. Clarified butter should keep at least 6 months in the refrigerator.